by Hannah Rivera | Mar 17, 2025 | API Testing, Blog, Latest Post |
The demand for robust and efficient API testing tools has never been higher. Teams are constantly seeking solutions that not only streamline their testing workflows but also integrate seamlessly with their existing development pipelines. Enter Bruno, a modern, open-source API client purpose-built for API testing and automation. Bruno distinguishes itself from traditional tools like Postman by offering a lightweight, local-first approach that prioritizes speed, security, and developer-friendly workflows. Designed to suit both individual testers and collaborative teams, Bruno brings simplicity and power to API automation by combining an intuitive interface with advanced features such as version control integration, JavaScript-based scripting, and command-line execution capabilities.
Unlike cloud-dependent platforms, Bruno emphasizes local-first architecture, meaning API collections and configurations are stored directly on your machine. This approach ensures data security and faster performance, enabling developers to easily sync test cases via Git or other version control systems. Additionally, Bruno offers flexible environment management and dynamic scripting to allow teams to build complex automated API workflows with minimal overhead. Bruno stands out as a compelling solution for organizations striving to modernize their API testing process and integrate automation into CI/CD pipelines. This guide explores Bruno’s setup, test case creation, scripting capabilities, environment configuration, and how it can enhance your API automation strategy.
Before you deep dive into API automation testing, we recommend checking out our detailed blog, which will give you valuable insights into how Bruno can optimize your API testing workflow.
Setting Up Bruno for API Automation
In the following sections, we’ll walk you through everything you need to get Bruno up and running for your API automation needs — from installation to creating your first automated test cases, configuring environment variables, and executing tests via CLI.
Whether you’re automating GET or POST requests, adding custom JavaScript assertions, or managing multiple environments, this guide will show you exactly how to harness Bruno’s capabilities to build a streamlined and efficient API testing workflow.
Install Bruno
- Download Bruno from its official site (bruno.io) or GitHub repository, depending on your OS.
- Follow the installation prompts to set up the tool on your computer.
Creating a Test Case Directory
Begin by launching the Bruno application and setting up a directory for storing test cases.
- 1. Run the Bruno application.
- 2. Create a COLLECTION named Testcase.
- 3. Select the project folder you created as the directory for this COLLECTION.
Writing and Executing Test Cases in Bruno
1. Creating a GET Request Test Case
- Click the ADD REQUEST button under the Testcase COLLECTION.
- Set the request type to GET.
- Name the request GetDemo and set the URL to:
https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/posts/1
2. Adding Test Assertions Using Built-in Assert
4. Creating a POST Request Test Case
- Click ADD REQUEST under the Testcase COLLECTION.
- Set the request type to POST.
- Name the request PostDemo and set the URL to:
https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/posts
- Click Body and enter the following JSON data:
5. Adding Test Assertions Using Built-in Assert
- Click the Assert button under PostDemo.
- Add the following assertions:
- Response status code equals 201.
- The title in the response body equals “foo.”
- Click Run to execute the assertions.
6. Writing Test Assertions Using JavaScript
- Click Tests under PostDemo.
- Add the following script:
test("res.status should be 201", function() {
const data = res.getBody();
expect(res.getStatus()).to.equal(201);
});
test("res.body should be correct", function() {
const data = res.getBody();
expect(data.title).to.equal('foo');
});
- Click Run to validate assertions.
Executing Two Test Cases Locally
- Click the Run button under the Testcase COLLECTION to execute all test cases.
- Check and validate whether the results match the expected outcomes.
Configuring Environment Variables in Bruno for API Testing
When running API test cases in different environments, modifying request addresses manually for each test case can be tedious, especially when dealing with multiple test cases. Bruno, an API testing tool, simplifies this by providing environment variables, allowing us to configure request addresses dynamically. This way, instead of modifying each test case, we can simply switch environments.
Creating Environment Variable Configuration Files in Bruno
Follow these steps to set up environment variables in Bruno:
1. Open the Environment Configuration Page:
- Click the Environments button under the Testcase COLLECTION to access the environment settings.
2. Create a New Environment:
- Click ADD ENVIRONMENT in the top-right corner.
- Enter a name for the environment (e.g., dev) and click SAVE to create the configuration file.
3. Add an Environment Variable:
- Select the newly created environment (dev) to open its configuration page.
- Click ADD VARIABLE in the top-right corner.
- Enter the variable name as host and set the value to https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com.
- Click SAVE to apply the changes.
Using Environment Variables in Test Cases
Instead of hardcoding URLs in test cases, use {{host}} as a placeholder. Bruno will automatically replace it with the configured value from the selected environment, making it easy to switch between different testing environments.
By utilizing environment variables, you can streamline your API testing workflow, reducing manual effort and enhancing maintainability.
Using Environment Variables in Test Cases
Once environment variables are configured in Bruno, we can use them in test cases instead of hardcoding request addresses. This makes it easier to switch between different testing environments without modifying individual test cases.
Modifying Test Cases to Use Environment Variables
1. Update the GetDemo Request:
- Click the GetDemo request under the Testcase COLLECTION to open its editing page.
- Modify the request address to {{host}}/posts/1.
- Click SAVE to apply the changes.
2. Update the PostDemo Request:
- Click the PostDemo request under the Testcase COLLECTION to open its editing page.
- Modify the request address to {{host}}/posts.
- Click SAVE to apply the changes.
Debugging Environment Variables
- Click the Environments button under the Testcase COLLECTION and select the dev environment.
- Click the RUN button in the top-right corner to execute all test cases.
- Verify that the test results meet expectations.
Conclusion
Bruno is a lightweight and powerful tool designed for automating API testing with ease. Its local-first approach, Git-friendly structure, JavaScript-based scripting, and environment management make it ideal for building fast, secure, and reliable API tests. While Bruno streamlines automation, partnering with Codoid can help you take it further. As experts in API automation, Codoid provides end-to-end solutions to help you design, implement, and scale efficient testing frameworks integrated with your CI/CD pipelines. Reach out to Codoid today to enhance your API automation strategy and accelerate your software delivery.
Frequently Asked Questions
-
How does Bruno API Automation work?
Bruno allows you to automate the testing of APIs locally by recording, running, and validating API requests and responses. It helps streamline the testing process and ensures more efficient workflows.
-
Is Bruno API Automation suitable for large-scale projects?
Absolutely! Bruno's local-first approach and ability to scale with your testing needs make it suitable for both small and large-scale API testing projects.
-
What makes Bruno different from other API automation tools?
Bruno stands out due to its local-first design, simplicity, and ease of use, making it an excellent choice for teams looking for a straightforward and scalable API testing solution.
-
Is Bruno API Automation free to use?
Bruno offers a free version with basic features, allowing users to get started with API automation. There may also be premium features available for more advanced use cases.
-
Does Bruno provide reporting features?
Yes, Bruno includes detailed reporting features that allow you to track test results, view error logs, and analyze performance metrics, helping you optimize your API testing process.
-
Can Bruno be used for continuous integration (CI) and deployment (CD)?
Absolutely! Bruno can be integrated into CI/CD pipelines to automate the execution of API tests during different stages of development, ensuring continuous quality assurance.
-
How secure is Bruno API Automation?
Bruno ensures secure API testing by providing options for encrypted communications and secure storage of sensitive data, giving you peace of mind while automating your API tests.
by Mollie Brown | Mar 14, 2025 | Automation Testing, Blog, Latest Post |
Ensuring the quality, reliability, and performance of applications is more critical than ever. As applications become more complex, manual testing alone is no longer sufficient to keep up with rapid release cycles. Automated testing has emerged as a game-changer, enabling teams to streamline their testing workflows, reduce manual effort, and improve test coverage while accelerating software delivery. Among the various automation tools available,TestComplete, developed by SmartBear, stands out as a feature-rich and versatile solution for automating tests across multiple platforms, including desktop, web, and mobile applications. It supports both scripted and scriptless automation, making it accessible to beginners and experienced testers alike.
Whether you are new to test automation or looking to enhance your skills, this step-by-step tutorial series will guide you through the essential functionalities of TestComplete and help you become proficient in leveraging its powerful features.
Key Features of TestComplete
- Cross-Platform Testing – Supports testing across desktop, web, and mobile applications.
- Multiple Scripting Languages – Allows test automation using Python, JavaScript, VBScript, JScript, and DelphiScript.
- Scriptless Test Automation – Provides keyword-driven and record-and-replay testing options for beginners.
- Advanced Object Recognition – Uses AI-based algorithms to identify UI elements, even when their properties change.
- Data-Driven Testing – Enables running tests with different data sets to improve test coverage.
- Seamless CI/CD Integration – Works with tools like Jenkins, Azure DevOps, and Git for continuous testing.
- Parallel and Distributed Testing – Runs tests simultaneously across multiple environments to save time.
Why Use TestComplete?
- User-Friendly Interface – Suitable for both beginners and experienced testers.
- Supports Multiple Technologies – Works with apps built on .NET, Java, Delphi, WPF, Angular, React, etc.
- Reduces Manual Effort – Automates repetitive tests, allowing teams to focus on critical testing areas.
- Improves Software Quality – Ensures applications are stable, reliable, and bug-free before release.
Getting Started with TestComplete
Starting your TestComplete journey is easy. You can get a free trial for 30 days. This lets you see what it can do before deciding. To get started, just visit the official SmartBear website for download and installation steps. Make sure to check the system requirements first to see if it works with your computer.
After installing, TestComplete will help you create your first testing project. Its simple design makes it easy to set up your testing space. This is true even for people who are new to software testing tools.
System Requirements and Installation Guide
Before you start installing TestComplete, it is important to check the system requirements. This helps ensure it will run smoothly and prevents any unexpected compatibility problems. You can find the detailed system requirements on the SmartBear website, but here is a quick summary:
- Operating System: Use Windows 10 or Windows Server 2016 or newer. Make sure the system architecture (32-bit or 64-bit) matches the version of TestComplete you want to install.
- Hardware: A dual-core processor with a clock speed of 2 GHz or more is best for good performance. You should have at least 2 GB of RAM, but 4 GB or more is better, especially for larger projects.
- Disk Space: You need at least 1 GB of free disk space to install TestComplete. It’s smart to have more space for project files and test materials.
Once you meet these system needs, the installation itself is usually easy. SmartBear offers guides on their website. Generally, all you need to do is download the installer that fits your system, run it as an administrator, agree to the license, choose where to install, and follow the instructions on the screen.
Setting Up Your First Test Environment
Follow these simple steps to set up your test environment and run your first test in TestComplete.
Install TestComplete
- Download and install TestComplete from the SmartBear website.
- Activate your license or start a free trial.
Prepare Your Testing Environment
- Make sure your application (web, desktop, or mobile) is ready for testing.
- Set up any test data if needed.
- If testing a web or mobile app, configure the required browser or emulator.
Check Plugin Availability
- After installation, open TestComplete.
- Go to File → Install Extensions and ensure that necessary plugins are enabled.
-
- For web automation, enable Web Testing Plugin.
- For mobile automation, enable Mobile Testing Plugin.
Plugins are essential for ensuring TestComplete can interact with the type of application you want to test.
Creat New Project
- Open TestComplete and click “New Project”.
- On the Enter project attributes page of the wizard, you specify the name, location and scripting language of the project, as well as some additional settings:
- Project Name – Specifies the name of the project. TestComplete will automatically add the .mds extension to this name when creating the project file.
- Project Location – specifies the Folder where the Project file will be created.
- Scripting Language – Select the scripting language for your project once selected you can’t change the Project language So choose wisely. You can choose any one of scripting languages Javascript, Python, VBScript
- Use XPath and CSS selectors for web objects – Having this option enabled is compulsory for creating cross platform web test that is, tests that can be run in remote environments that use web browsers not supported by TestComplete directly, like Safari, and operating systems and platforms, like Windows, Linux, Unix, Mac OS, mobile Android and iOS.
- Tested Application – select this checkbox if you want to add your desktop or mobile application to the tested application list of your new project. You can also add a tested application at any time later.
- BDD Files – Select this check box to import your BDD feature files to your project to automate them. You can also import files at any time after you create the project
- Select the Application Type based on what you are testing:
- Desktop Application → For Windows-based applications.
- Web Application → For testing websites and web applications (supports Chrome, Edge, Firefox, etc.).
- Mobile Application → For testing Android and iOS apps (requires a connected device/emulator).
- Enter a Project Name and select a save location.
- Click “Create” to set up the project.
TestComplete will now generate project files, including test logs, name mappings, and test scripts.
Adding the Application Under Test (AUT)
To automate tests, TestComplete needs to recognize the Application Under Test (AUT).
For Desktop Applications:
- Go to Project Explorer → Tested Applications.
- Click “Add”, then select “Add Application”.
- Browse and select the .exe file of your desktop application.
- Click OK to add it.
For Web Applications:
- Navigate to Tested Applications → Click “Add”.
- Enter the URL of the web application.
- Select the browser where the test will run (Chrome, Edge, Firefox, etc.).
- Click OK to save.
For Mobile Applications:
- Connect an Android/iOS device to your computer.
- In TestComplete, navigate to Mobile Devices → Connect Device.
-
- Select the application package or install the app on your device.
Now, TestComplete knows which application to launch and test.
Understanding Object Spy & Object Browser
TestComplete interacts with applications by identifying UI elements like buttons, text fields, checkboxes, etc. It does this using:
Object Spy (To Identify UI Elements)
- Click Object Spy from the TestComplete toolbar.
- Drag the crosshair icon over the UI element you want to inspect.
- TestComplete will display:
- Element properties (ID, name, type, etc.)
- Available methods (Click, SetText, etc.)
- Click “Map Object” to save it for automation scripts.
Object Spy helps TestComplete recognize elements even if their location changes.
Object Browser (To View All UI Elements)
- Open View → Object Browser.
- Browse through the application’s UI hierarchy.
- Click any object to view its properties and available actions.
Object Browser is useful for debugging test failures and understanding UI structure.
Creating a Test in TestComplete
TestComplete allows different ways to create automated tests.
Method 1: Record and Playback (No Coding Required)
- Click “Record” in the toolbar.
- Perform actions on your application (click buttons, enter text, etc.).
- Click “Stop” to save the recorded test.
- Click Run to execute the recorded test.
Great for beginners or those who want quick test automation without scripting!
Method 2: Keyword-Driven Testing (Step-by-Step Actions)
- Open Keyword Test Editor.
- Add actions like Click, Input, Verify, etc. using a graphical interface.
- Arrange steps in order and save the test.
- Run the test and check results.
Ideal for testers who prefer a structured, visual test flow.
Method 3: Scripted Testing (Python, JavaScript, VBScript, etc.)
Best for advanced users who need flexibility and customization.
Running the Test
- Click Run to start the test execution.
- TestComplete will launch the application and perform actions based on the recorded/scripted steps.
- You can pause, stop, or debug the test at any point.
Running a test executes the automation script and interacts with the UI elements as per the defined steps.
Viewing Execution Results
Once the test completes, TestComplete generates a Test Log that provides:
- ✅Pass/Fail Status – Displays if the test succeeded or failed.
- 📷Screenshots – Captures test execution steps.
- ⚠️Error Messages – Shows failure reasons (if any).
- 📊Execution Time & Performance Metrics – Helps analyze test speed.
Here some of Pros & Cons of TestComplete
Pros
- Supports a wide range of platforms, including Windows, macOS, iOS, and Android.
- Allows for data-driven testing, enabling tests to be run with multiple data sets to ensure comprehensive coverage.
- Supports parallel execution of tests, speeding up the overall testing process.
- Generates detailed test reports and logs, helping testers analyze results and track issues efficiently.
- Can test web, desktop, and mobile applications.
Cons
- Mastering all the functionalities, especially advanced scripting, can take time.
- TestComplete can be a bit expensive compared to some other testing tools.
- It can be resource-intensive, requiring robust hardware for optimal performance, especially when running multiple tests in parallel.
- Despite advanced object recognition, there can still be issues with recognizing dynamic or complex UI elements, requiring manual adjustments.
Conclusion
Test automation is essential for ensuring software quality, increasing efficiency, and reducing manual effort. Among the many automation tools available, TestComplete, developed by SmartBear, is a powerful and flexible solution for testing desktop, web, and mobile applications. In this tutorial, we covered key aspects of using TestComplete, including installation, project setup, test creation, execution, and result analysis. We also explored how to add an Application Under Test (AUT), use Object Spy and Object Browser to identify UI elements, and implement different testing methods such as record-and-playback, keyword-driven testing, and scripting. Additionally, we discussed best practices like name mapping, test modularization, CI/CD integration, and data-driven testing to ensure stable and efficient automation.
As a leading software testing company, Codoid specializes in test automation, performance testing, and QA consulting. With extensive expertise in TestComplete and other advanced automation tools, Codoid helps businesses improve software quality, speed up testing cycles, and build strong automation strategies. Whether you’re new to automation or looking to enhance your existing test framework, Codoid offers expert guidance for achieving reliable and scalable automation solutions.
This blog provided an overview of TestComplete’s capabilities, but there’s much more to explore. Stay tuned for upcoming blogs, where we’ll dive deeper into advanced scripting, data-driven testing, CI/CD integration, and handling dynamic UI elements in TestComplete.
Frequently Asked Questions
-
Is TestComplete free to use?
TestComplete offers a free trial but requires a paid license for continued use. Pricing depends on the features and number of users. You can download the trial version from the SmartBear website.
-
Which platforms does TestComplete support?
TestComplete supports automation for Windows desktop applications, web applications (Chrome, Edge, Firefox), and mobile applications (Android & iOS).
-
Can I use TestComplete for cross-browser testing?
Yes, TestComplete allows you to automate cross-browser testing for websites on Chrome, Edge, and Firefox. It also supports XPath and CSS selectors for identifying web elements.
-
How does TestComplete compare to Selenium?
-TestComplete supports scripted and scriptless testing, while Selenium requires programming knowledge.
-TestComplete provides built-in object recognition and reporting, whereas Selenium needs third-party tools.
-Selenium is open-source and free, whereas TestComplete is a paid tool with professional support.
-
How do I export TestComplete test results?
TestComplete generates detailed test logs with screenshots, errors, and performance data. These reports can be exported as HTML files for documentation and analysis.
-
What industries use TestComplete for automation testing?
TestComplete is widely used in industries like finance, healthcare, retail, and technology for automating web, desktop, and mobile application testing.
by Chris Adams | Mar 10, 2025 | API Testing, Blog, Latest Post |
APIs (Application Programming Interfaces) play a crucial role in enabling seamless communication between different systems, applications, and services. From web and mobile applications to cloud-based solutions, businesses rely heavily on APIs to deliver a smooth and efficient user experience. However, with this growing dependence comes the need for continuous monitoring to ensure APIs function optimally at all times. API monitoring is the process of tracking API performance, availability, and reliability in real-time, while API testing verifies that APIs function correctly, return expected responses, and meet performance benchmarks. Together, they ensure that APIs work as expected, respond within acceptable timeframes, and do not experience unexpected downtime or failures. Without proper monitoring and testing, even minor API failures can lead to service disruptions, frustrated users, and revenue losses. By proactively keeping an eye on API performance, businesses can ensure that their applications run smoothly, enhance user satisfaction, and maintain a competitive edge.
In this blog, we will explore the key aspects of API monitoring, its benefits, and best practices for keeping APIs reliable and high-performing. Whether you’re a developer, product manager, or business owner, understanding the significance of API monitoring is essential for delivering a top-notch digital experience.
Why API Monitoring is Important
- Detects Downtime Early: Alerts teams when an API is down or experiencing issues.
- Improves Performance: Helps identify slow response times or bottlenecks.
- Ensures Reliability: Monitors API endpoints to maintain a seamless experience for users.
- Enhances Security: Detects unusual traffic patterns or unauthorized access attempts.
- Optimizes Third-Party API Usage: Ensures external APIs used in applications are functioning correctly.
Types of API Monitoring
- Availability Monitoring: Checks if the API is online and accessible.
- Performance Monitoring: Measures response times, latency, and throughput.
- Functional Monitoring: Tests API endpoints to ensure they return correct responses.
- Security Monitoring: Detects vulnerabilities, unauthorized access, and potential attacks.
- Synthetic Monitoring: Simulates user behavior to test API responses under different conditions.
- Real User Monitoring (RUM): Tracks actual user interactions with the API in real-time.
Now that we’ve covered the types of API monitoring, let’s set it up using Postman. In the next section, we’ll go through the steps to configure test scripts, automate checks, and set up alerts for smooth API monitoring.
Set Up API Monitoring in Postman – A Step-by-Step Guide
Postman provides built-in API monitoring to help developers and testers track API performance, uptime, and response times. By automating API checks at scheduled intervals, Postman ensures that APIs remain functional, fast, and reliable.
Follow this step-by-step guide to set up API monitoring in Postman.
Step 1: Create a Postman Collection
A collection is a group of API requests that you want to monitor.
How to Create a Collection:
1. Open Postman and click on the “Collections” tab in the left sidebar.
2. Click “New Collection” and name it (e.g., “API Monitoring”).
3. Click “Add a request” and enter the API URL you want to monitor (e.g., https://api.example.com/users).
4. Select the request method (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, etc.).
5. Click “Save” to store the request inside the collection.
Example:
- If you are monitoring a weather API, you might create a GET request like: https://api.weather.com/v1/location/{city}/forecas
- If you want to get single user from the list: https://reqres.in/api/users/2
Step 2: Add API Tests to Validate Responses
Postman allows you to write test scripts in JavaScript to validate API responses.
How to Add API Tests in Postman:
1. Open your saved API request from the collection.
2. Click on the “Tests” tab.
3. Enter the following test scripts to check API response time, status codes, and data validation.
Example Test Script:
// Check if API response time is under 500ms
pm.test("Response time is within limit", function () {
pm.expect(pm.response.responseTime).to.be.below(500);
});
// Ensure the response returns HTTP 200 status
pm.test("Status code is 200", function () {
pm.response.to.have.status(200);
});
// Validate that the response body contains specific data
pm.test("Response contains expected data", function () {
var jsonData = pm.response.json();
//pm.expect(jsonData.city).to.eql("New York");
pm.expect(jsonData.data.first_name).to.eql("Janet");
});
4. Click “Save” to apply the tests to the request.
What These Tests Do:
- Response time check– Ensures API response is fast.
- Status code validation– Confirms API returns 200 OK.
- Data validation– Checks if the API response contains expected values.
Step 3: Configure Postman Monitor
Postman Monitors allow you to run API tests at scheduled intervals to check API health and performance.
How to Set Up a Monitor in Postman:
1. Click on the “Monitors” tab on the left sidebar.
2. Click “Create a Monitor” and select the collection you created earlier.
3. Set the monitoring frequency (e.g., every 5 minutes, hourly, or daily).
- Set the monitoring frequency (e.g., Every day, 12 AM , or daily).
4. Choose a region for monitoring (e.g., US East, Europe, Asia) to check API performance from different locations.
5. Click “Create Monitor” to start tracking API behavior.
Example: A company that operates globally might set up monitors to run every 10 minutes from different locations to detect regional API performance issues.
Step 4: Set Up Alerts for API Failures
To ensure quick response to API failures, Postman allows real-time notifications via email, Slack, and other integrations.
How to Set Up Alerts:
1. Open the Monitor settings in Postman.
2. Enable email notifications for failed tests.
3. Integrate Postman with Slack, Microsoft Teams, or PagerDuty for real-time alerts.
4. Use Postman Webhooks to send alerts to other monitoring systems.
Example: A fintech company might configure Slack alerts to notify developers immediately if their payment API fails.
Step 5: View API Monitoring Reports & Logs
Postman provides detailed execution history and logs to help you analyze API performance over time.
How to View Reports in Postman:
1. Click on the “Monitors” tab.
2. Select your API monitor to view logs.
3. Analyze:
- Success vs. failure rate of API calls.
- Average response time trends over time.
- Location-based API performance (if different regions were configured).
4. Export logs for debugging or reporting.
Example: A retail company might analyze logs to detect slow API response times during peak shopping hours and optimize their backend services.
Implementing API Monitoring Strategies
Implementing an effective API monitoring strategy involves setting up tools, defining key metrics, and ensuring proactive issue detection and resolution. Here’s a step-by-step approach:
1. Define API Monitoring Goals
Before implementing API monitoring, clarify the objectives:
- Ensure high availability (uptime monitoring).
- Improve performance (latency tracking).
- Validate functionality (response correctness).
- Detect security threats (unauthorized access or data leaks).
- Monitor third-party API dependencies (SLA compliance).
2. Identify Key API Metrics to Monitor
Track important API performance indicators, such as:
Availability Metrics
- Uptime/Downtime (Percentage of time API is available)
- Error Rate (5xx, 4xx errors)
Performance Metrics
- Response Time (Latency in milliseconds)
- Throughput (Requests per second)
- Rate Limiting Issues (Throttling by API providers)
Functional Metrics
- Payload Validation (Ensuring expected response structure)
- Endpoint Coverage (Monitoring all critical API endpoints)
Security Metrics
- Unauthorized Access Attempts
- Data Breach Indicators (Unusual data retrieval patterns)
3. Implement Different Types of Monitoring
A. Real-Time Monitoring
- Continuously check API health and trigger alerts if it fails.
- Use tools like Prometheus + Grafana for real-time metrics.
B. Synthetic API Testing
- Simulate real-world API calls and verify responses.
- Use Postman or Runscope to automate synthetic tests.
C. Log Analysis & Error Tracking
- Collect API logs and analyze patterns for failures.
- Use ELK Stack (Elasticsearch, Logstash, Kibana) or Datadog.
D. Load & Stress Testing
- Simulate heavy traffic to ensure APIs can handle peak loads.
- Use JMeter or k6 to test API scalability.
4. Set Up Automated Alerts & Notifications
- Use Slack, PagerDuty, or email alerts for incident notifications.
- Define thresholds (e.g., response time > 500ms, error rate > 2%).
- Use Prometheus AlertManager or Datadog Alerts for automation.
5. Integrate with CI/CD Pipelines
- Add API tests in Jenkins, GitHub Actions, or GitLab CI/CD.
- Run functional and performance tests during deployments.
- Prevent faulty API updates from going live.
6. Ensure API Security & Compliance
- Implement Rate Limiting & Authentication Checks.
- Monitor API for malicious requests (SQL injection, XSS, etc.).
- Ensure compliance with GDPR, HIPAA, or other regulations.
7. Regularly Review and Optimize Monitoring
- Conduct monthly API performance reviews.
- Adjust alert thresholds based on historical trends.
- Improve monitoring coverage for new API endpoints.
Conclusion
API monitoring helps prevent issues before they impact users. By using the right tools and strategies, businesses can minimize downtime, improve efficiency, and provide seamless digital experiences. To achieve robust API monitoring, expert guidance can make a significant difference. Codoid, a leading software testing company, provides comprehensive API testing and monitoring solutions, ensuring APIs function optimally under various conditions.
Frequently Asked Questions
-
Why is API monitoring important?
API monitoring helps detect downtime early, improves performance, ensures reliability, enhances security, and optimizes third-party API usage.
-
How can I set up API monitoring in Postman?
You can create a Postman Collection, add test scripts, configure Postman Monitor, set up alerts, and analyze reports to track API performance.
-
How does API monitoring improve security?
API monitoring detects unusual traffic patterns, unauthorized access attempts, and potential vulnerabilities, ensuring a secure API environment.
-
How do I set up alerts for API failures?
Alerts can be configured in Postman via email, Slack, Microsoft Teams, or PagerDuty to notify teams in real-time about API issues.
-
What are best practices for API monitoring?
-Define clear monitoring goals.
-Use different types of monitoring (real-time, synthetic, security).
-Set up automated alerts for quick response.
-Conduct load and stress testing.
-Regularly review and optimize monitoring settings.
by Charlotte Johnson | Mar 6, 2025 | Software Testing, Blog, Latest Post |
Many traditional software testing methods follow strict rules, assuming that the same approach works for every project. However, every software project is different, with unique challenges, requirements, and constraints. Context-Driven Testing (CDT) is a flexible testing approach that adapts strategies based on the specific needs of a project instead of following fixed best practices, CDT encourages testers to think critically and adjust their methods based on project goals, team skills, budget, timelines, and technical limitations. This approach was introduced by Cem Kaner, James Bach, and Bret Pettichord, who emphasized that there are no universal testing rules—only practices that work well in a given context. CDT is particularly useful in agile projects, startups, and rapidly changing environments where requirements often shift. It allows testers to adapt in real time, ensuring testing remains relevant and effective. Unlike traditional methods that focus only on whether the software meets requirements, CDT ensures the product actually solves real problems for users. By promoting flexibility, collaboration, and problem-solving, Context-Driven Testing helps teams create high-quality software that meets both business and user expectations. It is a practical, efficient, and intelligent approach to testing in today’s fast-paced software development world.
The Evolution of Context-Driven Testing in Software Development
Software testing has evolved from rigid, standardized processes to more flexible and adaptive approaches. Context-driven testing (CDT) emerged as a response to traditional frameworks that struggled to handle the unique needs of different projects.
Early Testing: A Fixed Approach
Initially, software testing followed strictly defined processes with heavy documentation and structured test cases. Waterfall models required extensive upfront planning, making it difficult to adapt to changes. These methods often led to:
- Lack of flexibility in dynamic projects
- Inefficient use of resources, focusing on documentation over actual testing
- Misalignment with business needs, causing ineffective testing outcomes
The Shift Toward Agile and Exploratory Testing
With the rise of Agile development, testing became more iterative and collaborative, allowing testers to:
- Think critically instead of following rigid scripts
- Adapt quickly to changes in project requirements
- Prioritize business value over just functional correctness
However, exploratory testing lacked a structured decision-making framework, leading to the need for Context-Driven Testing.
The Birth of Context-Driven Testing
CDT was introduced by Cem Kaner, James Bach, and Bret Pettichord as a flexible, situational approach to testing. It focuses on:
- Tailoring testing methods based on project context
- Encouraging collaboration between testers, developers, and stakeholders
- Adapting continuously as projects evolve
This made CDT highly effective for Agile, DevOps, and fast-paced development environments.
CDT in Modern Software Development
Today, CDT remains crucial in handling complex software systems such as AI-driven applications and IoT devices. It continues to evolve by:
- Integrating AI-based testing for smarter test coverage
- Working with DevOps for continuous, real-time testing
- Focusing on risk-based testing to address critical system areas
By adapting to real-world challenges, CDT ensures efficient, relevant, and high-impact testing in today’s fast-changing technology landscape.
The Seven Key Principles of Context-Driven Testing
1. The value of any practice depends on its context.
2. There are good practices in context, but there are no best practices.
3. People, working together, are the most important part of any project’s context.
4. Projects unfold over time in ways that are often not predictable.
5. The product is a solution. If the problem isn’t solved, the product doesn’t work.
6. Good software testing is a challenging intellectual process.
7. Only through judgment and skill, exercised cooperatively throughout the entire project, are we able to do the right things at the right times to effectively test our products.
Step-by-Step Guide to Adopting Context-Driven Testing
Adopting Context-Driven Testing (CDT) requires a flexible mindset and a willingness to adapt testing strategies based on project needs. Unlike rigid frameworks, CDT focuses on real-world scenarios, team collaboration, and continuous learning. Here’s how to implement it effectively:
- Understand the Project Context – Identify key business goals, technical constraints, and potential risks to tailor the testing approach.
- Choose the Right Testing Techniques – Use exploratory testing, risk-based testing, or session-based testing depending on project requirements.
- Encourage Tester Autonomy – Allow testers to make informed decisions and think critically rather than strictly following predefined scripts.
- Collaborate with Teams – Work closely with developers, business analysts, and stakeholders to align testing efforts with real user needs.
- Continuously Adapt – Modify testing strategies as the project evolves, focusing on areas with the highest impact.
By following these steps, teams can ensure effective, relevant, and high-quality testing that aligns with real-world project demands.
Case Studies: Context-Driven Testing in Action
These case studies demonstrate how Context-Driven Testing (CDT) adapts to different industries and project needs by applying flexible, risk-based, and user-focused testing methods. Unlike rigid testing frameworks, CDT helps teams prioritize critical aspects, optimize testing efforts, and adapt to evolving requirements, ensuring high-quality software that meets real-world demands.
Case Study 1: Ensuring Security in Online Banking
Client: A financial institution launching an online banking platform.
Challenge: Ensuring strict security and compliance due to financial regulations.
How CDT Helps:
Banking applications deal with sensitive financial data, making security and compliance top priorities. CDT allows testers to focus on high-risk areas, choosing testing techniques that best suit security needs instead of following a generic testing plan.
Context-Driven Approach:
- Security Testing: Identified vulnerabilities like SQL injection, unauthorized access, and session hijacking through exploratory security testing.
- Compliance Testing: Ensured the platform met industry regulations (e.g., PCI-DSS, GDPR) by adapting testing to legal requirements.
- Load Testing: Simulated peak transaction loads to check performance under heavy usage.
- Exploratory Testing: Assessed UI/UX usability, identifying any issues affecting the user experience.
Outcome: A secure, compliant, and user-friendly banking platform that meets regulatory requirements while providing a smooth customer experience.
Case Study 2: Handling High Traffic for an E-Commerce Platform
Client: A startup preparing for a Black Friday sale.
Challenge: Ensuring the website can handle high traffic volumes without performance failures.
How CDT Helps:
E-commerce businesses face seasonal traffic spikes, which can lead to website crashes and lost sales. CDT helps by prioritizing performance and scalability testing while considering time and budget constraints.
Context-Driven Approach:
- Performance Testing: Simulated real-time Black Friday traffic to test site stability under heavy loads.
- Cloud-Based Load Testing: Used cost-effective cloud testing tools to manage high-traffic scenarios within budget.
- Collaboration with Developers: Worked closely with developers to identify and resolve bottlenecks affecting website performance.
Outcome: A stable, high-performing e-commerce website capable of handling increased user traffic without downtime, maximizing sales during peak shopping events.
Case Study 3: Testing an IoT-Based Smart Home Device
Client: A company launching a smart thermostat with WiFi and Bluetooth connectivity.
Challenge: Ensuring seamless connectivity, ease of use, and durability in real-world conditions.
How CDT Helps:
Unlike standard software applications, IoT devices operate in varied environments with different network conditions. CDT allows testers to focus on real-world usage scenarios, adapting testing based on device behavior and user expectations.
Context-Driven Approach:
- Usability Testing: Ensured non-technical users could set up and configure the device easily.
- Network Testing: Evaluated WiFi and Bluetooth stability under different network conditions.
- Environmental Testing: Tested durability by simulating temperature and humidity variations.
- Real-World Scenario Testing: Assessed performance outside lab conditions, ensuring the device functions as expected in actual homes.
Outcome: A user-friendly, reliable smart home device tested under real-world conditions, ensuring smooth operation for end users.
Advantages of Context-Driven Testing
- Adaptability: Adjusts to project-specific needs rather than following rigid processes.
- Focus on Business Goals: Ensures testing efforts align with what matters most to the business.
- Encourages Critical Thinking: Testers make informed decisions rather than blindly executing test cases.
- Effective Resource Utilization: Saves time and effort by prioritizing relevant tests.
- Higher Quality Feedback: Testing aligns with real-world usage rather than theoretical best practices.
- Increased Collaboration: Encourages better communication between testers, developers, and stakeholders.
Challenges of Context-Driven Testing
- Requires Skilled Testers: Testers must have deep analytical skills and domain knowledge.
- Difficult to Standardize: Organizations that prefer fixed processes may find it hard to implement.
- Needs Strong Communication: Collaboration is key, as the approach depends on aligning with stakeholders.
- Potential Pushback from Management: Some organizations prefer strict guidelines and may resist a flexible approach.
Best Practices for Context-Driven Testing Success
To effectively implement Context-Driven Testing (CDT), teams must embrace flexibility, critical thinking, and collaboration. Here are some best practices to ensure success:
- Understand the Project Context – Identify business goals, user needs, technical limitations, and risks before choosing a testing approach.
- Choose Testing Techniques Wisely – Use exploratory, risk-based, or session-based testing based on project requirements.
- Encourage Tester Independence – Allow testers to think critically, explore, and adapt instead of just following predefined scripts.
- Promote Collaboration – Engage developers, business analysts, and stakeholders to align testing with business needs.
- Be Open to Change – Adjust testing strategies as requirements evolve and new challenges arise.
- Balance Manual and Automated Testing – Automate only where valuable, focusing on repetitive or high-risk areas.
- Measure and Improve Continuously – Track testing effectiveness, gather feedback, and refine the process for better results.
Conclusion
Context-Driven Testing (CDT) is a flexible, adaptive, and real-world-focused approach that ensures testing aligns with the unique needs of each project. Unlike rigid, predefined testing methods, CDT allows testers to think critically, collaborate effectively, and adjust strategies based on evolving project requirements. This makes it especially valuable in Agile, DevOps, and rapidly changing development environments. For businesses looking to apply CDT effectively, Codoid offers expert testing services, including exploratory, automation, performance, and usability testing. Their customized approach helps teams build high-quality, user-friendly software while adapting to project challenges.
Frequently Asked Questions
-
What Makes Context-Driven Testing Different from Traditional Testing Approaches?
Context-driven testing is about adjusting to the specific needs of a project instead of sticking to set methods. It is different from the traditional way of testing. This approach values flexibility and creativity, helping to meet specific needs well. By using this tailored method, it improves test coverage and makes sure testing work closely matches the project goals.
-
How Do You Determine the Context for a Testing Project?
To understand the project context for testing, you need to look at project requirements, the needs of stakeholders, and current systems. Think about things like how big the project is, its timeline, and any risks involved. These factors will help you adjust your testing plan. Using development tools can also help make sure your testing fits well with the project context.
-
Can Context-Driven Testing Be Automated?
Context-driven testing cannot be fully automated. This is because it relies on being flexible and understanding human insights. Still, automated tools can help with certain tasks, like regression testing. They allow for manual work when understanding the details of a situation is important.
-
How Does Context-Driven Testing Fit into DevOps Practices?
Context-driven testing works well with DevOps practices by adjusting to the changing development environment. It focuses on being flexible, getting quick feedback, and working together, which are important in continuous delivery. By customizing testing for each project, it improves software quality and speeds up deployment cycles.
-
What Are the First Steps in Transitioning to Context-Driven Testing?
To switch to context-driven testing, you need to know the project requirements very well. Adjust your test strategies to meet these needs. Work closely with stakeholders to ensure everyone is on the same page with testing. Include ways to gather feedback for ongoing improvement and flexibility. Use tools that fit in well with adaptable testing methods.
by Anika Chakraborty | Mar 5, 2025 | Accessibility Testing, Blog, Latest Post |
NVDA (NonVisual Desktop Access) is a powerful screen reader designed to assist individuals with visual impairments in navigating and interacting with digital content. It enables users to access Windows-based applications, websites, documents, and emails by converting on-screen text into speech and Braille output. With support for multiple languages and Braille displays, NVDA provides accessibility across various digital platforms. It also offers customizable keyboard shortcuts, speech synthesis options, and screen magnification features, allowing users to tailor their experience based on individual needs. In addition to its role in daily accessibility, NVDA is an essential tool for accessibility testing, helping organizations evaluate whether their digital products meet key accessibility standards such as WCAG, Section 508, ADA, and EN 301 549. By simulating how visually impaired users interact with websites and applications, testers can identify and fix accessibility barriers, ensuring an inclusive digital experience. This blog will guide you through how to use NVDA effectively, covering installation, basic navigation, and advanced features like web browsing, document reading, application accessibility, and accessibility testing. Whether you’re a beginner or an experienced user, this tutorial will help you maximize NVDA’s capabilities for seamless digital access.
Why Choose NVDA for Accessibility Testing?
NVDA is widely used by many visually impaired users due to its reliability, accessibility, and powerful features. As one of the most popular screen readers, it plays a crucial role in accessibility testing, ensuring that websites and applications are compatible with real-world usage.
As part of the testing process, NVDA is utilized to evaluate accessibility and verify compliance with WCAG and other accessibility standards. Its features make it an essential tool for testers in identifying and addressing accessibility barriers.
- Free & Open-Source – Available at no cost, making it accessible to everyone.
- Multi-Language Support – Supports various languages and voice options for diverse users.
- Braille Compatibility – Works with external braille displays, expanding accessibility.
- Keyboard Navigation – Enables seamless interaction using hotkeys, crucial for users relying on keyboard controls.
- Website & App Testing – Helps validate accessibility compliance and usability.
- Continuous Updates – Regular improvements enhance performance and functionality.
- Lightweight & Fast – Runs efficiently on low-end devices, making it widely accessible.
Since many disabled users depend on NVDA, it should be included in accessibility testing, along with other screen readers like JAWS, VoiceOver, and Narrator. Its use ensures that digital products are accessible, user-friendly, and inclusive for all.
How to Install NVDA (Step-by-Step):
1. Download NVDA
2. Open the Installer: Locate the downloaded .exe file in your downloads folder.
3. Confirm Installation: Click “Yes” in the pop-up dialog box that appears.
4. Choose Installation Options: Select your preferred installation options (such as installing for all users or just for yourself).
5. Start Installation: Click Install to begin the process.
6. Complete Installation: Once the installation is complete, click Finish.You may be given an option to launch NVDA immediately.
7. Restart : your computer if prompted to ensure smooth functionality.
How to Perform NVDA Testing
1. Check the Navigation
- Check if all interactive elements (buttons, links, forms) receive focus.
- Ensure the focus moves in a logical order and does not jump randomly.
2. Verify Headings Structure
- Ensure headings are labeled correctly (H1, H2, H3, etc.).
- Use the H key to navigate through headings efficiently.
3. Test Readability & Content Order
- Use the Down Arrow key to check if content is read in a logical sequence.
- Navigate backward using the Up Arrow key to ensure text flows naturally.
4. Check Alt Text for Images
- Ensure all images have meaningful alt text that describes their content.
- NVDA should correctly announce the image descriptions.
5. Validate Forms
- Ensure form fields have appropriate labels.
- Check that NVDA reads out each form element correctly.
- Test checkboxes, radio buttons, and combo boxes for accessibility.
6. Verify Links & Buttons
- Replace generic text like “Click Here” with descriptive links (e.g., “Download Guide”).
- Ensure buttons are labeled clearly and announced properly by NVDA.
7. Test Multimedia Accessibility
- Ensure videos include captions or transcripts for better accessibility.
- Avoid auto-playing videos without user control.
- Provide alternative text for non-text content such as charts or infographics.
Basic NVDA Commands:
| S. No |
Action |
Shortcut |
| 1 |
Turn NVDA on |
Ctrl + Alt + N |
| 2 |
Turn NVDA off |
Insert + Q |
| 3 |
Stop reading |
Ctrl |
| 4 |
Start reading continuously |
Insert + Down Arrow |
| 5 |
Read next item |
Down Arrow |
| 6 |
Activate link or button |
Enter or Spacebar |
| 7 |
Open NVDA menu |
Insert + N |
Navigation Commands:
| S. No |
Action |
Shortcut |
| 1 |
Move to next heading |
H |
| 2 |
Move to previous heading |
Shift + H |
| 3 |
Move to next link |
K |
| 4 |
Move to previous link |
Shift + K |
| 5 |
Move to next unvisited link |
U |
| 6 |
Move to next visited link |
V |
| 7 |
Table |
T |
| 8 |
List |
L |
Table Navigation:
| S. No |
Action |
Shortcut |
| 1 |
Inside Table content |
Ctrl + Alt + Arrows |
Text Reading:
| S. No |
Action |
Shortcut |
| 1 |
Read previous word |
Ctrl + Left Arrow |
| 2 |
Read next word |
Ctrl + Right Arrow |
| 3 |
Read character by character |
Left/Right Arrow |
Form Navigation:
| S. No |
Action |
Shortcut |
| 1 |
Move to next form field |
F |
| 2 |
Move to previous form field |
Shift + F |
| 3 |
Move to next checkbox |
X |
| 4 |
Move to previous checkbox |
Shift + X |
| 5 |
Move to next radio button |
R |
Avoid Visual Reliance with NVDA
- Bold or color changes should not be the only way to highlight important text. Use HTML tags like ‘strong’ or ’em’.
- CAPTCHAs should have audio alternatives for visually impaired users.
- Ensure hover effects or animations are accessible and not essential for navigation.
Troubleshooting Common NVDA Issues
When using NVDA for accessibility testing or daily tasks, some common issues may arise. Below are frequent problems and their solutions:
NVDA is not starting
- Restart the system and check for conflicting applications.
- If the issue persists, reinstall NVDA.
No speech output
- Ensure the volume is turned up.
- Check NVDA settings and select the correct speech synthesizer.
Text is being read incorrectly
- Verify that the website or application has proper ARIA labels and semantic HTML.
- Test with another screen reader to confirm the issue.
Keyboard shortcuts are not working
- Ensure NVDA is not in sleep mode.
- Restart NVDA and check shortcut settings.
Dynamic content is not being read
- Enable “Live Regions” in NVDA settings.
- Refresh the page manually if necessary.
Performance is slow or laggy
- Close unnecessary background applications.
- Adjust NVDA settings for better performance and restart the system.
By troubleshooting these issues effectively, NVDA can be used efficiently in accessibility testing, ensuring a seamless experience for users who rely on screen readers.
Conclusion
NVDA (NonVisual Desktop Access) is a highly effective screen reader that empowers visually impaired users to navigate and interact with digital content effortlessly. With its text-to-speech conversion, Braille display support, and customizable keyboard shortcuts, NVDA enhances accessibility across various applications, including web browsing, document editing, and software operations. Its continuous updates and broad compatibility make it a reliable solution for both individuals and organizations seeking to create inclusive digital experiences. At Codoid, we recognize the importance of accessibility in modern software development. Our accessibility testing services ensure that digital platforms comply with accessibility standards such as WCAG and Section 508, making them user-friendly for individuals with disabilities. By leveraging tools like NVDA, we help businesses enhance their software’s usability, ensuring equal access for all users.
Frequently Asked Questions
-
How can I switch between different speech synthesizers in NVDA?
To change speech synthesizers in NVDA, press NVDA+N. This will open the NVDA menu. Go to Preferences and then Settings, and click on Speech. In the Synthesizer area, you can pick your preferred synthesizer from the drop-down menu. You can also change the speech rate and other voice settings in the same window.
-
Can NVDA be used on mobile devices or tablets?
NVDA is made for the Windows operating system. It does not work directly with mobile devices or tablets.
-
What are some must-have add-ons for NVDA users?
The add-ons that NVDA users need can be different for each person. What works for one might not work for another. But many people often choose add-ons that help with navigating websites, provide better support for certain apps, or add features that make using the software more comfortable and easy.
-
How do I update NVDA, and how often should I do it?
To update NVDA, visit the NV Access website and download the latest version. You should keep NVDA updated whenever a new version comes out. This will help you gain bug fixes, new features, and better performance.
-
What should I do if NVDA is not working with a specific application?
If you have problems with compatibility, try running the app in administrator mode. You can also check for updates. Another option is to look at online forums or the app developer's website. They might have information about known issues or solutions.
by Hannah Rivera | Mar 3, 2025 | Automation Testing, Blog, Latest Post |
Ensuring high-quality releases with minimal time and effort is more critical than ever. This is where automation testing steps in as a game-changer, significantly enhancing efficiency, accuracy, and speed. By automating repetitive and complex test scenarios, teams can accelerate development cycles, reduce human error, and achieve consistent outcomes. However, the effectiveness of automation largely depends on the tool you choose. Among the myriad of automation tools available, Tosca vs Selenium have emerged as two of the most popular options in their own categories. Tosca is known for its scriptless, model-based approach, making it a preferred choice for enterprises aiming for rapid automation with minimal coding. On the other hand, Selenium, being open-source and highly customizable, is favored by people who seek flexibility and cost-effectiveness.
To provide a real-world comparison, the automation of the Amazon website will be demonstrated using both Tosca and Selenium. Through this example, their setup, execution, and efficiency will be analyzed, helping to determine which tool is better suited for different automation needs.
The Factors to Consider When Choosing an Automation Tool
Selecting the right automation tool is crucial for maximizing efficiency and ensuring successful test automation. Here are the key factors to consider:
- Ease of Use – The tool should be user-friendly and align with the team’s expertise. Scriptless tools like Tosca are easier for non-programmers, while Selenium requires coding skills.
- Cost & Licensing – Open-source tools like Selenium are free, whereas commercial tools like Tosca come with licensing fees but offer enterprise-level support.
- Integration Capabilities – The tool should integrate seamlessly with CI/CD pipelines, project management tools, and other testing frameworks.
- Test Coverage – Ensure the tool supports the required types of testing, such as web, mobile, API, and cross-browser testing.
- Maintenance & Scalability – Tools with self-healing capabilities, like Tosca, require less maintenance, while Selenium tests need regular updates for locator changes.
- Customization & Flexibility – Open-source tools like Selenium allow extensive customization, while Tosca follows a structured, model-based approach.
- Reporting & Analytics – Built-in reporting features help track test results efficiently. Tosca includes advanced dashboards, while Selenium relies on third-party tools like Allure or TestNG.
- Community & Support – A strong community and technical support are essential for troubleshooting and long-term sustainability. Selenium benefits from a large open-source community, whereas Tosca provides dedicated enterprise support.
By evaluating these factors, organizations can choose the best automation tool to fit their project needs and technical capabilities.
What is Tosca?
Tosca is a model-based test automation tool developed by Tricentis. It is known for its scriptless, no-code automation framework, enabling users to create test cases using a graphical user interface (GUI) rather than writing complex scripts. This makes Tosca an excellent choice for teams that want to automate testing without needing extensive programming skills.
Key Features of Tosca:
- Scriptless Automation: Allows non-programmers to create automated tests using a drag-and-drop interface.
- End-to-End Testing: Supports testing across web, desktop, mobile, API, and enterprise applications like SAP and Salesforce.
- Self-Healing Test Cases: Tosca can automatically adapt to UI changes, reducing test maintenance efforts.
- Enterprise Integration: Easily integrates with CI/CD pipelines and ALM tools, making it ideal for DevOps workflows.
- Advanced Reporting & Analytics: Provides built-in dashboards for tracking and analyzing test results.
- AI & Machine Learning: Uses ML algorithms for test case optimization and faster execution.
- Reusable Test Modules: Enhances efficiency by allowing the reuse of test components across multiple test cases.
What is Selenium?
Selenium is an open-source test automation tool widely used for automating web applications. Unlike Tosca, Selenium requires programming knowledge, allowing testers to write scripts in multiple programming languages such as Java, Python, C#, and JavaScript. Its flexibility and extensive community support make it a favorite among developers and automation engineers.
Key Features of Selenium:
- Open Source & Free: No licensing cost, making it highly cost-effective.
- Cross-Browser Compatibility: Works on all major browsers like Chrome, Firefox, Edge, and Safari.
- Multi-Language Support: Write test scripts in various languages, including Java, Python, C#, and more.
- Integration with Third-Party Frameworks: Works seamlessly with TestNG, Cucumber, and other testing frameworks.
-
- Parallel Execution Support: Enables faster test cycles by running tests concurrently.
- Highly Customizable: Allows integration with multiple libraries and custom functions for enhanced flexibility.
- Large Community Support: Extensive resources and troubleshooting guides available due to its open-source nature.
Tosca vs Selenium – Detailed Comparison Table
| S. No |
Criteria |
Tosca |
Selenium |
| 1 |
Automation Methodology |
Model-based, scriptless automation |
Code-driven automation |
| 2 |
Licensing & Cost |
Commercial (high-cost) |
Free and open-source |
| 3 |
Programming Dependency |
No coding required |
Requires coding knowledge |
| 4 |
User Experience |
GUI-based, user-friendly for non-programmers |
Requires programming proficiency |
| 5 |
Integration & CI/CD |
Seamless CI/CD and ALM integration |
Requires manual integration |
| 6 |
Cross-Browser Support |
Supports multiple browsers and platforms |
Works on all major browsers |
| 7 |
End-to-End & Mobile Testing |
Native support for web, desktop, mobile, and API testing |
requires Appium for mobile automation in Selenium. |
| 8 |
Self-Healing Tests |
Built-in self-healing capability |
Not available |
| 9 |
Reporting & Analytics |
Advanced built-in reporting and dashboards |
Needs third-party tools like Allure or TestNG |
| 10 |
AI & Machine Learning |
Uses AI for test case optimization |
No built-in AI/ML support |
| 11 |
Community Support |
Smaller, enterprise-focused community |
Large open-source community |
| 12 |
Customization & Flexibility |
Limited customization due to model-based approach |
Highly flexible and extensible with libraries |
| 13 |
Scalability |
Well-suited for large-scale enterprise projects |
Scalable but requires custom configuration |
| 14 |
Parallel Execution |
Supports distributed execution |
Requires setup with tools like Selenium Grid |
| 15 |
Security & Compliance |
Enterprise-grade security compliance |
Security depends on custom implementation |
Automating the Amazon Website Using Tosca and Selenium for Comparison
1. Using Tosca (Scriptless Test Automation Approach)
Tosca follows a model-based test automation approach, where test cases are created using a GUI instead of coding.
Steps to Launch Amazon in Tosca:
1. Open Tosca Commander – The main interface where test cases are designed.
2. Create a New Test Case – Right-click on the test case section and select “Create Test Case”.
3. Add a New Module – Tosca works with Modules (predefined building blocks).
- Use Tosca Scan to identify the browser and webpage elements dynamically.
- Create a Web Module for opening a browser.
4. Define the Browser Action:
- In the “ActionMode” field, set it to “Open”.
- Specify the browser (Chrome, Firefox, Edge).
5. Enter the URL:
- Under the URL field, enter “https://www.amazon.com”.
6. Execute the Test Case:
- Click Run in Tosca Commander.
- Tosca will open the browser, navigate to Amazon, and confirm that the page loads correctly.
Expected Output:
The browser launches successfully and opens Amazon’s homepage without any coding.
Advantages of Tosca in This Scenario:
- No programming knowledge is needed.
- Self-healing capability ensures test maintenance is minimal.
- Enterprise-friendly, integrates with CI/CD pipelines.
2. Using Selenium (Code-Driven Test Automation Approach)
Selenium requires coding knowledge and follows a script-based approach.
Steps to Launch Amazon in Selenium (Java + TestNG Approach):
1.Set Up Selenium Environment:
- Download Selenium WebDriver and install a preferred browser driver (e.g., ChromeDriver).
- Install Java, Eclipse/IntelliJ, and add Selenium libraries to your project.
Write a Java Selenium Script to open Amazon:
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
public class AmazonTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Set path for ChromeDriver
System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "path/to/chromedriver");
// Initialize WebDriver
WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
// Open Amazon Website
driver.get("https://www.amazon.com");
// Print Page Title
System.out.println("Page Title: " + driver.getTitle());
// Close Browser
driver.quit();
}
}
3. Run the Script:
- Execute the program in Eclipse or IntelliJ.
- Selenium WebDriver launches the Chrome browser, navigates to Amazon, and prints the page title.
Expected Output:
- The browser launches successfully and opens Amazon’s homepage.
- The console prints: “Page Title: Amazon.com: Online Shopping for Electronics, Apparel, Computers, Books, DVDs & more”
Conclusion
Choosing between Tosca and Selenium depends on your needs, budget, and team skills. Tosca is a no-code, user-friendly tool best for large enterprise applications like SAP or Salesforce. It offers easy maintenance and advanced features, but it’s more expensive, making it better for companies with larger budgets. Selenium, on the other hand, is a free, open-source tool that is flexible and customizable. It’s great for web application testing but requires programming skills and manual maintenance, making it a good fit for teams with technical expertise. If you’re unsure, a testing services provider like Codoid can help you choose and implement the right tool.
Frequently Asked Questions
-
Which tool is better for beginners, Tosca or Selenium?
Tosca is better for beginners as it requires no coding skills, whereas Selenium needs programming knowledge in Java, Python, or C#.
-
Which tool is more cost-effective?
Selenium is free and open-source, making it ideal for startups and small teams. Tosca, being a commercial tool, involves high licensing costs.
-
Can Tosca and Selenium be integrated with CI/CD pipelines?
Yes, both Tosca and Selenium support CI/CD integration with tools like Jenkins, Azure DevOps, and GitHub Actions. However, Tosca offers built-in support, while Selenium requires manual setup.
-
Which tool has better test maintenance?
Tosca has a self-healing mechanism that reduces maintenance efforts, whereas Selenium tests require constant updates when UI elements change.
-
When should I choose Selenium over Tosca?
Choose Selenium if you need a free, flexible, and customizable tool for web automation and have coding expertise. Choose Tosca if you prefer scriptless automation and work with enterprise applications.
-
Does Tosca support cross-browser testing?
Yes, Tosca supports cross-browser and cross-platform testing, similar to Selenium, ensuring compatibility across Chrome, Firefox, Edge, and Safari.
